Data Communications : Components, Protocols Components Data Communication by Ravinder Nath Rajotiya - September 28, 2021September 28, 20210 Data Communications : Components, protocols Components Outcome : Audience will be able to i. differentiate between data and information ii. To name various components of a communication system iii. To describe the characteristics of the effective communication iv. To differentiate between protocol and standard v. To know various standards organization Data Data is considered to be raw data. It represents ‘values of qualitative or quantitative variables, belonging to a set of items.’ It may be in the form of numbers, letters, or a set of characters. Data is often collected via measurements. In data computing or data processing, data is represented by in a structure, such as tabular data, data tree, a data graph, etc. Categories of Data Data can be analog data or digital data- analog data refers
Introduction to Physical Layer Advanced Computer Network by Ravinder Nath Rajotiya - September 25, 2021September 28, 20210 Role of Physical Layer Physical Layer Signals – bit Bite Rate- no. of bits sent in one seconds Bit length- distance one bit occupies on the transmission medium = propagation speed x bit duration Attenuation- Loss of energy as it travels on the medium. To compensate for loss, we may use different components such as amplifiers, Decible- It is the unit that measure the relative strength (power or voltage) of two signals one signal at two different points. db = 10 log10(P2/P1) or db = 20 log10 (V2/V1) It should be noted that db will be +ve if signal is amplified and –ve if signal is lost/attenuated Nyquist bit rate :For noiseless channel, the nyquist bit rate define theoretical maximum bit rate as Nyquist bit