Design of Flip-Flops in VHDL VHDL Lab

Table of Contents

AIM :

Design of Flip-Flops in VHDL

Objective:

To revise the basic theory behind the working of the flip flops
To understand the syntax of VHDL
To synthesize and simulate using VHDL

Theory:

The theory extend from latches to flip-flops. the basic similarity and differences between a latch and a flip-flop being:

Sl	Latch	Flip-Flop
1	It is a 1-bit memory element	It is also a 1-bit memory element
2	It is event based	It is clock based
3	Asynchronous operation	Synchronous operation
4	Operates n level triggered of enable /clock signal	Operates triggering at edges of clock signal
5	VHDL sytax : if clock=’1’ then D else D end if;	VHDL Syntax: If CLK’EVENT AND CLK=’1′ THEN If D=’1’ then Q Qbar Else Q Qbar End if;

A flip-flop is used as a one bit storage element in the digital systems. The flip-flops are of various types as given below:

SR Flip-Flop
D Flip Flop
T Flip-Flop
JK Flip-Flop

Synthesized of Latch and Flip-Flops in VHDL

D Latch

D Latch

library IEEE;

use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;

entity d_latch is

Port (

d : in STD_LOGIC;

clock : in STD_LOGIC;

q : out STD_LOGIC;

q_bar : out STD_LOGIC

);

end d_latch;

architecture Behavioral of d_latch is

signal x : std_logic;

begin

process(x,d, clock)

begin

if (clock=’1′) then

x <= d;

end if;

q <= x;

q_bar<= not x;

end process;

end Behavioral;

Simulation of D-Latch

SR Flip-Flop

SR Flip-flop

library IEEE;

use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;

entity sr_ff is

Port (

RST : IN STD_LOGIC;

S : in STD_LOGIC;

R : in STD_LOGIC;

CLK : in STD_LOGIC;

Q : out STD_LOGIC;

Q_BAR : out STD_LOGIC

);

end sr_ff;

architecture Behavioral of sr_ff is

SIGNAL TMP, TMP_BAR: STD_LOGIC;

begin

PROCESS (RST, TMP,TMP_BAR,S,R,CLK)

BEGIN

IF (RST=’0′ ) THEN

TMP <= ‘0’;

TMP_BAR <= ‘1’;

ELSIF CLK’EVENT AND CLK=’1′ THEN

IF (S /= R) THEN

TMP <= S;

TMP_BAR <= R;

ELSIF (S=’0′ and R=’0′) THEN

TMP <= TMP;

TMP_BAR <= TMP_BAR;

ELSE

TMP <= ‘Z’;

TMP_BAR <= ‘Z’;

END IF;

Q <= TMP;

Q_BAR <= TMP_BAR;

END PROCESS;

end Behavioral;

Simulation of SR Flip-Flop

D Flip-Flop Synchronous

D Flip-Flop:

The D-Flip-Flop code given below uses clock’even in the architecture. This will synthesize a synchronous D-Flip-Flop. It also requires the use of the sensitivity list which is part of process statement

library IEEE;

use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;

entity D_FF is

Port (

d : in STD_LOGIC;

clock : in STD_LOGIC;

q : out STD_LOGIC;

q_bar : out STD_LOGIC

);

end D_FF;

architecture Behavioral of D_FF is

signal x : std_logic;

begin

process (x,clock)

begin

if ( clock’event and clock = ‘1’ ) then

x <= d;

end if;

q <= x;

q_bar<= not x;

end process;

end Behavioral;

In the above code if the sensitivity list was not assigned, the compiler will through a warning One or more signals are missing in the process sensitivity list. If we skip the sensitivity list, there is yet another way of writing the correct code using WAIT UNTIL as given below:

D Flip-Flop Asynchronous

The asynchronous design does not use the sensitivity list in the process statement. If we skip the sensitivity list, there is yet another way of writing the correct code using WAIT UNTIL as given below:

library IEEE;

use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;

entity d_ff_asynch is

Port (

d : in STD_LOGIC;

clock : in STD_LOGIC;

q : out STD_LOGIC;

q_bar : out STD_LOGIC

);

end d_ff_asynch;

architecture Behavioral of d_ff_asynch is

signal x : std_logic;

begin

process

begin

WAIT UNTIL clock’EVENT and clock=’1′;

x <= d;

q <= x;

q_bar<= not x;

end process;

end Behavioral;

———————————————————————–

Synthesis of D-FF with asynchronous reset

library IEEE;

use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;

entity d_ff_async is

Port (

D : in STD_LOGIC;

RST : in STD_LOGIC;

CLOCK : in STD_LOGIC;

Q : out STD_LOGIC;

Q_BAR : out STD_LOGIC

);

end d_ff_async;

architecture Behavioral of d_ff_async is

SIGNAL X : STD_LOGIC;

begin

PROCESS (X,RST, CLOCK)

BEGIN

IF RST=’0′ THEN

x <= ‘0’;

ELSIF CLOCK’EVENT AND CLOCK = ‘1’ THEN

X <= D;

END IF;

Q <= X;

Q_BAR <= NOT X;

END PROCESS;

end Behavioral;

Simulation of Asynchronous Type D Flip-Flop

JK Flip-Flop

JK flip-flop

entity JK_FF is

Port (

j : in STD_LOGIC;

k : in STD_LOGIC;

clk : in STD_LOGIC;

q : out STD_LOGIC

);

end JK_FF;

architecture Behavioral of JK_FF is

signal temp : std_logic;

signal sel: std_logic_vector(1 downto 0);

begin

sel <= j&k;

process (temp, sel ,clk)

begin

if clk’event and clk=’1′ then

case sel is

when “00” => temp <= temp;

when “01” => temp <= ‘0’;

when “10” => temp <= ‘1’;

when “11” => temp <= not temp;

when others => temp <= ‘Z’;

end case;

Q <= temp;

end if;

end process;

end Behavioral;

Design of Flip-Flops in VHDL

AIM :

Objective:

Synthesized of Latch and Flip-Flops in VHDL

D Latch

SR Flip-Flop

Simulation of SR Flip-Flop

D Flip-Flop Synchronous

D Flip-Flop Asynchronous

Synthesis of D-FF with asynchronous reset

Simulation of Asynchronous Type D Flip-Flop

JK Flip-Flop

Simulation of JK Flip-Flop

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